2. It is likely that vocal nodules occur, at least in part, as a result of collision forces.
True
False

3. "Spasmodic dysphonia" is a special case of psychogenic unilateral vocal fold paralysis.
True
False

4. Polyps can be peduncular or sessile, and are usually viral in origin.
True
False

5. Papillomas are benign epithelial tumors.
True
False

6. Treatments for unilateral vocal fold paralysis include: arytenoidectomy, artificial stimulation of the laryngeal muscle with a pacemaker, and laryngeal muscle reinnervation.
True
False

7. In attempting to determine the causes of a voice disorder, it may be useful to distinguish between predisposing factors and precipitating factors.
True
False

8. Juvenile laryngeal papillomatosis is associated with early ingestion of illicit drugs and smoking.
True
False

9. Laryngeal "atypia" is equivalent to chronic laryngitis.
True
False